Since we store all-time flap count for a peer, we add a cooldown factor
which will discount poor flap counts in the past. This is only applied
to peers that have not flapped for at least a cooldown period, so that
we do not downgrade our rate limiting for badly behaved peers.
To prevent flapping peers from endlessly dos-ing us with online and
offline events, we rate limit the number of events we will store per
period using their flap rate to determine how often we will add their
events to our in memory list of online events.
Since we are tracking online events, we need to track the aggregate
change over the rate limited period, otherwise we will lose track of
a peer's current state. For example, if we store an online event, then
do not store the subsequent offline event, we will believe that the
peer is online when they actually aren't. To address this, we "stage"
a single event which keeps track of all the events that occurred while
we were rate limiting the peer. At the end of the rate limting period,
we will store the last state for that peer, thereby ensureing that
we maintain our record of their most recent state.
