lnd.xprv/server.go

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"crypto/rand"
	"crypto/sha256"
	"encoding/hex"
	"fmt"
	"net"
	"strconv"
	"sync"
	"sync/atomic"
	"time"

	"github.com/boltdb/bolt"
	"github.com/lightningnetwork/lightning-onion"
	"github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd/brontide"
	"github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd/chainntnfs"
	"github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd/channeldb"
	"github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd/discovery"
	"github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd/lnrpc"
	"github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd/lnwallet"
	"github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd/lnwire"
	"github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd/routing"
	"github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd/routing/chainview"
	"github.com/roasbeef/btcd/btcec"
	"github.com/roasbeef/btcd/connmgr"
	"github.com/roasbeef/btcutil"

	"github.com/go-errors/errors"
	"github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd/htlcswitch"
)

// server is the main server of the Lightning Network Daemon. The server houses
// global state pertaining to the wallet, database, and the rpcserver.
// Additionally, the server is also used as a central messaging bus to interact
// with any of its companion objects.
type server struct {
	started  int32 // atomic
	shutdown int32 // atomic

	// identityPriv is the private key used to authenticate any incoming
	// connections.
	identityPriv *btcec.PrivateKey

	// nodeSigner is an implementation of the MessageSigner implementation
	// that's backed by the identituy private key of the running lnd node.
	nodeSigner *nodeSigner

	// lightningID is the sha256 of the public key corresponding to our
	// long-term identity private key.
	lightningID [32]byte

	peersMtx   sync.RWMutex
	peersByID  map[int32]*peer
	peersByPub map[string]*peer

	persistentPeers map[string]struct{}
	inboundPeers    map[string]*peer
	outboundPeers   map[string]*peer

	rpcServer *rpcServer

	chainNotifier chainntnfs.ChainNotifier

	bio          lnwallet.BlockChainIO
	lnwallet     *lnwallet.LightningWallet
	feeEstimator lnwallet.FeeEstimator

	fundingMgr *fundingManager
	chanDB     *channeldb.DB

	htlcSwitch    *htlcswitch.Switch
	invoices      *invoiceRegistry
	breachArbiter *breachArbiter

	chanRouter *routing.ChannelRouter

	discoverSrv *discovery.AuthenticatedGossiper

	utxoNursery *utxoNursery

	sphinx *sphinx.Router

	connMgr *connmgr.ConnManager

	pendingConnMtx     sync.RWMutex
	persistentConnReqs map[string][]*connmgr.ConnReq

	broadcastRequests chan *broadcastReq
	sendRequests      chan *sendReq

	newPeers  chan *peer
	donePeers chan *peer
	queries   chan interface{}

	// globalFeatures feature vector which affects HTLCs and thus are also
	// advertised to other nodes.
	globalFeatures *lnwire.FeatureVector

	// localFeatures is an feature vector which represent the features which
	// only affect the protocol between these two nodes.
	localFeatures *lnwire.FeatureVector

	wg   sync.WaitGroup
	quit chan struct{}
}

// newServer creates a new instance of the server which is to listen using the
// passed listener address.
func newServer(listenAddrs []string, notifier chainntnfs.ChainNotifier,
	bio lnwallet.BlockChainIO, fundingSigner lnwallet.MessageSigner,
	wallet *lnwallet.LightningWallet, estimator lnwallet.FeeEstimator,
	chanDB *channeldb.DB, chainView chainview.FilteredChainView) (*server, error) {

	privKey, err := wallet.GetIdentitykey()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	privKey.Curve = btcec.S256()

	listeners := make([]net.Listener, len(listenAddrs))
	for i, addr := range listenAddrs {
		listeners[i], err = brontide.NewListener(privKey, addr)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	}

	serializedPubKey := privKey.PubKey().SerializeCompressed()
	s := &server{
		lnwallet:      wallet,
		bio:           bio,
		chainNotifier: notifier,
		chanDB:        chanDB,
		feeEstimator:  estimator,

		invoices:    newInvoiceRegistry(chanDB),
		utxoNursery: newUtxoNursery(chanDB, notifier, wallet),

		identityPriv: privKey,
		nodeSigner:   newNodeSigner(privKey),

		// TODO(roasbeef): derive proper onion key based on rotation
		// schedule
		sphinx:      sphinx.NewRouter(privKey, activeNetParams.Params),
		lightningID: sha256.Sum256(serializedPubKey),

		persistentPeers:    make(map[string]struct{}),
		persistentConnReqs: make(map[string][]*connmgr.ConnReq),

		peersByID:     make(map[int32]*peer),
		peersByPub:    make(map[string]*peer),
		inboundPeers:  make(map[string]*peer),
		outboundPeers: make(map[string]*peer),

		newPeers:  make(chan *peer, 10),
		donePeers: make(chan *peer, 10),

		broadcastRequests: make(chan *broadcastReq),
		sendRequests:      make(chan *sendReq),

		globalFeatures: globalFeatures,
		localFeatures:  localFeatures,

		queries: make(chan interface{}),
		quit:    make(chan struct{}),
	}

	// If the debug HTLC flag is on, then we invoice a "master debug"
	// invoice which all outgoing payments will be sent and all incoming
	// HTLCs with the debug R-Hash immediately settled.
	if cfg.DebugHTLC {
		kiloCoin := btcutil.Amount(btcutil.SatoshiPerBitcoin * 1000)
		s.invoices.AddDebugInvoice(kiloCoin, *debugPre)
		srvrLog.Debugf("Debug HTLC invoice inserted, preimage=%x, hash=%x",
			debugPre[:], debugHash[:])
	}

	s.htlcSwitch = htlcswitch.New(htlcswitch.Config{
		LocalChannelClose: func(pubKey []byte,
			request *htlcswitch.ChanClose) {
			s.peersMtx.RLock()
			peer, ok := s.peersByPub[string(pubKey)]
			s.peersMtx.RUnlock()

			if !ok {
				srvrLog.Error("unable to close channel, peer"+
					" with %v id can't be found", pubKey)
				return
			}

			peer.localCloseChanReqs <- request
		},
	})

	// If external IP addresses have been specified, add those to the list
	// of this server's addresses.
	selfAddrs := make([]net.Addr, 0, len(cfg.ExternalIPs))
	for _, ip := range cfg.ExternalIPs {
		var addr string
		_, _, err = net.SplitHostPort(ip)
		if err != nil {
			addr = net.JoinHostPort(ip, strconv.Itoa(defaultPeerPort))
		} else {
			addr = ip
		}

		lnAddr, err := net.ResolveTCPAddr("tcp", addr)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}

		selfAddrs = append(selfAddrs, lnAddr)
	}

	chanGraph := chanDB.ChannelGraph()

	// TODO(roasbeef): make alias configurable
	alias := lnwire.NewAlias(hex.EncodeToString(serializedPubKey[:10]))
	self := &channeldb.LightningNode{
		LastUpdate: time.Now(),
		Addresses:  selfAddrs,
		PubKey:     privKey.PubKey(),
		Alias:      alias.String(),
		Features:   globalFeatures,
	}

	// If our information has changed since our last boot, then we'll
	// re-sign our node announcement so a fresh authenticated version of it
	// can be propagated throughout the network upon startup.
	// TODO(roasbeef): don't always set timestamp above to _now.
	self.AuthSig, err = discovery.SignAnnouncement(s.nodeSigner,
		s.identityPriv.PubKey(),
		&lnwire.NodeAnnouncement{
			Timestamp: uint32(self.LastUpdate.Unix()),
			Addresses: self.Addresses,
			NodeID:    self.PubKey,
			Alias:     alias,
			Features:  self.Features,
		},
	)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to generate signature for "+
			"self node announcement: %v", err)
	}
	if err := chanGraph.SetSourceNode(self); err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("can't set self node: %v", err)
	}

	s.chanRouter, err = routing.New(routing.Config{
		Graph:     chanGraph,
		Chain:     bio,
		ChainView: chainView,
		SendToSwitch: func(firstHop *btcec.PublicKey,
			htlcAdd *lnwire.UpdateAddHTLC) ([32]byte, error) {
			firstHopPub := firstHop.SerializeCompressed()
			return s.htlcSwitch.SendHTLC(firstHopPub, htlcAdd)
		},
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("can't create router: %v", err)
	}

	s.discoverSrv, err = discovery.New(discovery.Config{
		Broadcast:        s.broadcastMessage,
		Notifier:         s.chainNotifier,
		Router:           s.chanRouter,
		SendToPeer:       s.sendToPeer,
		TrickleDelay:     time.Millisecond * 300,
		ProofMatureDelta: 0,
		DB:               chanDB,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	s.rpcServer = newRPCServer(s)
	s.breachArbiter = newBreachArbiter(wallet, chanDB, notifier,
		s.htlcSwitch, s.bio, s.feeEstimator)

	var chanIDSeed [32]byte
	if _, err := rand.Read(chanIDSeed[:]); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	s.fundingMgr, err = newFundingManager(fundingConfig{
		IDKey:        s.identityPriv.PubKey(),
		Wallet:       wallet,
		ChainIO:      s.bio,
		Notifier:     s.chainNotifier,
		FeeEstimator: s.feeEstimator,
		SignMessage: func(pubKey *btcec.PublicKey, msg []byte) (*btcec.Signature, error) {
			if pubKey.IsEqual(s.identityPriv.PubKey()) {
				return s.nodeSigner.SignMessage(pubKey, msg)
			}

			return fundingSigner.SignMessage(pubKey, msg)
		},
		SendAnnouncement: func(msg lnwire.Message) error {
			s.discoverSrv.ProcessLocalAnnouncement(msg,
				s.identityPriv.PubKey())
			return nil
		},
		ArbiterChan:    s.breachArbiter.newContracts,
		SendToPeer:     s.sendToPeer,
		FindPeer:       s.findPeer,
		TempChanIDSeed: chanIDSeed,
		FindChannel: func(chanID lnwire.ChannelID) (*lnwallet.LightningChannel, error) {
			dbChannels, err := chanDB.FetchAllChannels()
			if err != nil {
				return nil, err
			}

			for _, channel := range dbChannels {
				if chanID.IsChanPoint(channel.ChanID) {
					return lnwallet.NewLightningChannel(
						wallet.Signer, notifier,
						s.feeEstimator,
						channel)
				}
			}

			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to find channel")
		},
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// TODO(roasbeef): introduce closure and config system to decouple the
	// initialization above ^

	// Create the connection manager which will be responsible for
	// maintaining persistent outbound connections and also accepting new
	// incoming connections
	cmgr, err := connmgr.New(&connmgr.Config{
		Listeners:      listeners,
		OnAccept:       s.inboundPeerConnected,
		RetryDuration:  time.Second * 5,
		TargetOutbound: 100,
		GetNewAddress:  nil,
		Dial:           noiseDial(s.identityPriv),
		OnConnection:   s.outboundPeerConnected,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	s.connMgr = cmgr

	return s, nil
}

// Start starts the main daemon server, all requested listeners, and any helper
// goroutines.
func (s *server) Start() error {
	// Already running?
	if atomic.AddInt32(&s.started, 1) != 1 {
		return nil
	}

	// Start the notification server. This is used so channel management
	// goroutines can be notified when a funding transaction reaches a
	// sufficient number of confirmations, or when the input for the
	// funding transaction is spent in an attempt at an uncooperative close
	// by the counterparty.
	if err := s.chainNotifier.Start(); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if err := s.rpcServer.Start(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if err := s.fundingMgr.Start(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if err := s.htlcSwitch.Start(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if err := s.utxoNursery.Start(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if err := s.breachArbiter.Start(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if err := s.discoverSrv.Start(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if err := s.chanRouter.Start(); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	s.wg.Add(1)
	go s.queryHandler()

	// With all the relevant sub-systems started, we'll now atetmpt to
	// stasblish persistent connections to our direct channel collaborators
	// within the network.
	if err := s.establishPersistentConnections(); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return nil
}

// Stop gracefully shutsdown the main daemon server. This function will signal
// any active goroutines, or helper objects to exit, then blocks until they've
// all successfully exited. Additionally, any/all listeners are closed.
func (s *server) Stop() error {
	// Bail if we're already shutting down.
	if atomic.AddInt32(&s.shutdown, 1) != 1 {
		return nil
	}

	// Shutdown the wallet, funding manager, and the rpc server.
	s.chainNotifier.Stop()
	s.rpcServer.Stop()
	s.fundingMgr.Stop()
	s.chanRouter.Stop()
	s.htlcSwitch.Stop()
	s.utxoNursery.Stop()
	s.breachArbiter.Stop()
	s.discoverSrv.Stop()
	s.lnwallet.Shutdown()

	// Signal all the lingering goroutines to quit.
	close(s.quit)
	s.wg.Wait()

	return nil
}

// establishPersistentConnections attempts to establish persistent connections
// to all our direct channel collaborators.  In order to promote liveness of
// our active channels, we instruct the connection manager to attempt to
// establish and maintain persistent connections to all our direct channel
// counterparties.
func (s *server) establishPersistentConnections() error {
	// nodeAddrsMap stores the combination of node public keys and
	// addresses that we'll attempt to reconnect to. PubKey strings are
	// used as keys since other PubKey forms can't be compared.
	nodeAddrsMap := map[string]*nodeAddresses{}

	// Iterate through the list of LinkNodes to find addresses we should
	// attempt to connect to based on our set of previous connections. Set
	// the reconnection port to the default peer port.
	linkNodes, err := s.chanDB.FetchAllLinkNodes()
	if err != nil && err != channeldb.ErrLinkNodesNotFound {
		return err
	}
	for _, node := range linkNodes {
		for _, address := range node.Addresses {
			if address.Port == 0 {
				address.Port = defaultPeerPort
			}
		}
		pubStr := string(node.IdentityPub.SerializeCompressed())

		nodeAddrs := &nodeAddresses{
			pubKey:    node.IdentityPub,
			addresses: node.Addresses,
		}
		nodeAddrsMap[pubStr] = nodeAddrs
	}

	// After checking our previous connections for addresses to connect to,
	// iterate through the nodes in our channel graph to find addresses
	// that have been added via NodeAnnouncement messages.
	chanGraph := s.chanDB.ChannelGraph()
	sourceNode, err := chanGraph.SourceNode()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	// TODO(roasbeef): instead iterate over link nodes and query graph for
	// each of the nodes.
	err = sourceNode.ForEachChannel(nil, func(_ *bolt.Tx,
		_ *channeldb.ChannelEdgeInfo, policy *channeldb.ChannelEdgePolicy) error {

		pubStr := string(policy.Node.PubKey.SerializeCompressed())

		// Add addresses from channel graph/NodeAnnouncements to the
		// list of addresses we'll connect to. If there are duplicates
		// that have different ports specified, the port from the
		// channel graph should supersede the port from the link node.
		var addrs []*net.TCPAddr
		linkNodeAddrs, ok := nodeAddrsMap[pubStr]
		if ok {
			for _, lnAddress := range linkNodeAddrs.addresses {
				var addrMatched bool
				for _, polAddress := range policy.Node.Addresses {
					polTCPAddr, ok := polAddress.(*net.TCPAddr)
					if ok && polTCPAddr.IP.Equal(lnAddress.IP) {
						addrMatched = true
						addrs = append(addrs, polTCPAddr)
					}
				}
				if !addrMatched {
					addrs = append(addrs, lnAddress)
				}
			}
		} else {
			for _, addr := range policy.Node.Addresses {
				polTCPAddr, ok := addr.(*net.TCPAddr)
				if ok {
					addrs = append(addrs, polTCPAddr)
				}
			}
		}

		nodeAddrsMap[pubStr] = &nodeAddresses{
			pubKey:    policy.Node.PubKey,
			addresses: addrs,
		}

		return nil
	})
	if err != nil && err != channeldb.ErrGraphNoEdgesFound {
		return err
	}

	// Iterate through the combined list of addresses from prior links and
	// node announcements and attempt to reconnect to each node.
	for pubStr, nodeAddr := range nodeAddrsMap {
		// Add this peer to the set of peers we should maintain a
		// persistent connection with.
		s.persistentPeers[pubStr] = struct{}{}

		for _, address := range nodeAddr.addresses {
			// Create a wrapper address which couples the IP and
			// the pubkey so the brontide authenticated connection
			// can be established.
			lnAddr := &lnwire.NetAddress{
				IdentityKey: nodeAddr.pubKey,
				Address:     address,
			}
			srvrLog.Debugf("Attempting persistent connection to "+
				"channel peer %v", lnAddr)

			// Send the persistent connection request to the
			// connection manager, saving the request itself so we
			// can cancel/restart the process as needed.
			connReq := &connmgr.ConnReq{
				Addr:      lnAddr,
				Permanent: true,
			}

			s.pendingConnMtx.Lock()
			s.persistentConnReqs[pubStr] = append(s.persistentConnReqs[pubStr],
				connReq)
			s.pendingConnMtx.Unlock()

			go s.connMgr.Connect(connReq)
		}
	}

	return nil
}

// WaitForShutdown blocks all goroutines have been stopped.
func (s *server) WaitForShutdown() {
	s.wg.Wait()
}

// broadcastReq is a message sent to the server by a related subsystem when it
// wishes to broadcast one or more messages to all connected peers. Thi
type broadcastReq struct {
	ignore *btcec.PublicKey
	msgs   []lnwire.Message

	errChan chan error // MUST be buffered.
}

// broadcastMessage sends a request to the server to broadcast a set of
// messages to all peers other than the one specified by the `skip` parameter.
func (s *server) broadcastMessage(skip *btcec.PublicKey, msgs ...lnwire.Message) error {
	errChan := make(chan error, 1)

	msgsToSend := make([]lnwire.Message, 0, len(msgs))
	msgsToSend = append(msgsToSend, msgs...)
	broadcastReq := &broadcastReq{
		ignore:  skip,
		msgs:    msgsToSend,
		errChan: errChan,
	}

	select {
	case s.broadcastRequests <- broadcastReq:
	case <-s.quit:
		return errors.New("server shutting down")
	}

	select {
	case err := <-errChan:
		return err
	case <-s.quit:
		return errors.New("server shutting down")
	}
}

// sendReq is  message sent to the server by a related subsystem which it
// wishes to send a set of messages to a specified peer.
type sendReq struct {
	target *btcec.PublicKey
	msgs   []lnwire.Message

	errChan chan error
}

type nodeAddresses struct {
	pubKey    *btcec.PublicKey
	addresses []*net.TCPAddr
}

// sendToPeer send a message to the server telling it to send the specific set
// of message to a particular peer. If the peer connect be found, then this
// method will return a non-nil error.
func (s *server) sendToPeer(target *btcec.PublicKey, msgs ...lnwire.Message) error {
	errChan := make(chan error, 1)

	msgsToSend := make([]lnwire.Message, 0, len(msgs))
	msgsToSend = append(msgsToSend, msgs...)
	sMsg := &sendReq{
		target:  target,
		msgs:    msgsToSend,
		errChan: errChan,
	}

	select {
	case s.sendRequests <- sMsg:
	case <-s.quit:
		return errors.New("server shutting down")
	}

	select {
	case err := <-errChan:
		return err
	case <-s.quit:
		return errors.New("server shutting down")
	}
}

// findPeer will return the peer that corresponds to the passed in public key.
// This function is used by the funding manager, allowing it to update the
// daemon's local representation of the remote peer.
func (s *server) findPeer(peerKey *btcec.PublicKey) (*peer, error) {
	serializedIDKey := string(peerKey.SerializeCompressed())

	s.peersMtx.RLock()
	peer := s.peersByPub[serializedIDKey]
	s.peersMtx.RUnlock()

	if peer == nil {
		return nil, errors.New("Peer not found. Pubkey: " +
			string(peerKey.SerializeCompressed()))
	}

	return peer, nil
}

// peerTerminationWatcher waits until a peer has been disconnected, and then
// cleans up all resources allocated to the peer, notifies relevant sub-systems
// of its demise, and finally handles re-connecting to the peer if it's
// persistent.
//
// NOTE: This MUST be launched as a goroutine.
func (s *server) peerTerminationWatcher(p *peer) {
	p.WaitForDisconnect()

	srvrLog.Debugf("Peer %v has been disconnected", p)

	// Tell the switch to remove all links associated with this peer.
	// Passing nil as the target link indicates that all links associated
	// with this interface should be closed.
	hop := htlcswitch.NewHopID(p.addr.IdentityKey.SerializeCompressed())
	links, err := p.server.htlcSwitch.GetLinks(hop)
	if err != nil {
		srvrLog.Errorf("unable to get channel links: %v", err)
	}

	for _, link := range links {
		err := p.server.htlcSwitch.RemoveLink(link.ChanID())
		if err != nil {
			srvrLog.Errorf("unable to remove channel link: %v",
				err)
		}
	}

	// Send the peer to be garbage collected by the server.
	p.server.donePeers <- p

	// If this peer had an active persistent connection request, then we
	// can remove this as we manually decide below if we should attempt to
	// re-connect.
	if p.connReq != nil {
		s.connMgr.Remove(p.connReq.ID())
	}

	// Next, check to see if this is a persistent peer or not.
	pubStr := string(p.addr.IdentityKey.SerializeCompressed())
	s.pendingConnMtx.RLock()
	_, ok := s.persistentPeers[pubStr]
	s.pendingConnMtx.RUnlock()
	if ok {
		srvrLog.Debugf("Attempting to re-establish persistent "+
			"connection to peer %v", p)

		// If so, then we'll attempt to re-establish a persistent
		// connection to the peer.
		// TODO(roasbeef): look up latest info for peer in database
		connReq := &connmgr.ConnReq{
			Addr:      p.addr,
			Permanent: true,
		}

		s.pendingConnMtx.Lock()
		// We'll only need to re-launch a connection requests if one
		// isn't already currently pending.
		if _, ok := s.persistentConnReqs[pubStr]; ok {
			return
		}

		// Otherwise, we'll launch a new connection requests in order
		// to attempt to maintain a persistent connection with this
		// peer.
		s.persistentConnReqs[pubStr] = append(s.persistentConnReqs[pubStr],
			connReq)
		s.pendingConnMtx.Unlock()

		go s.connMgr.Connect(connReq)
	}
}

// peerConnected is a function that handles initialization a newly connected
// peer by adding it to the server's global list of all active peers, and
// starting all the goroutines the peer needs to function properly.
func (s *server) peerConnected(conn net.Conn, connReq *connmgr.ConnReq, inbound bool) {
	brontideConn := conn.(*brontide.Conn)
	peerAddr := &lnwire.NetAddress{
		IdentityKey: brontideConn.RemotePub(),
		Address:     conn.RemoteAddr().(*net.TCPAddr),
		ChainNet:    activeNetParams.Net,
	}

	// Now that we've established a connection, create a peer, and
	// it to the set of currently active peers.
	p, err := newPeer(conn, connReq, s, peerAddr, inbound)
	if err != nil {
		srvrLog.Errorf("unable to create peer %v", err)
		return
	}

	// TODO(roasbeef): update IP address for link-node
	//  * also mark last-seen, do it one single transaction?

	// Attempt to start the peer, if we're unable to do so, then disconnect
	// this peer.
	if err := p.Start(); err != nil {
		srvrLog.Errorf("unable to start peer: %v", err)
		p.Disconnect()
		return
	}

	s.newPeers <- p
}

// shouldDropConnection determines if our local connection to a remote peer
// should be dropped in the case of concurrent connection establishment. In
// order to deterministically decide which connection should be dropped, we'll
// utilize the ordering of the local and remote public key. If we didn't use
// such a tie breaker, then we risk _both_ connections erroneously being
// dropped.
func shouldDropLocalConnection(local, remote *btcec.PublicKey) bool {
	localPubBytes := local.SerializeCompressed()
	remotePubPbytes := remote.SerializeCompressed()

	// The connection that comes from the node with a "smaller" pubkey should
	// be kept. Therefore, if our pubkey is "greater" than theirs, we should
	// drop our established connection.
	return bytes.Compare(localPubBytes, remotePubPbytes) > 0
}

// inboundPeerConnected initializes a new peer in response to a new inbound
// connection.
func (s *server) inboundPeerConnected(conn net.Conn) {
	s.peersMtx.Lock()
	defer s.peersMtx.Unlock()

	// If we already have an inbound connection to this peer, then ignore
	// this new connection.
	nodePub := conn.(*brontide.Conn).RemotePub()
	pubStr := string(nodePub.SerializeCompressed())
	if _, ok := s.inboundPeers[pubStr]; ok {
		srvrLog.Debugf("Ignoring duplicate inbound connection")
		conn.Close()
		return
	}

	srvrLog.Infof("New inbound connection from %v", conn.RemoteAddr())

	localPub := s.identityPriv.PubKey()

	// Check to see if we should drop our connection, if not, then we'll
	// close out this connection with the remote peer. This
	// prevents us from having duplicate connections, or none.
	if connectedPeer, ok := s.peersByPub[pubStr]; ok {
		// If the connection we've already established should be kept,
		// then we'll close out this connection s.t there's only a
		// single connection between us.
		if !shouldDropLocalConnection(localPub, nodePub) {
			srvrLog.Warnf("Received inbound connection from "+
				"peer %x, but already connected, dropping conn",
				nodePub.SerializeCompressed())
			conn.Close()
			return
		}

		// Otherwise, if we should drop the connection, then we'll
		// disconnect our already connected peer, and also send the
		// peer to the peer garbage collection goroutine.
		srvrLog.Debugf("Disconnecting stale connection to %v",
			connectedPeer)
		connectedPeer.Disconnect()
		s.donePeers <- connectedPeer
	}

	// Next, check to see if we have any outstanding persistent connection
	// requests to this peer. If so, then we'll remove all of these
	// connection requests, and also delete the entry from the map.
	s.pendingConnMtx.Lock()
	if connReqs, ok := s.persistentConnReqs[pubStr]; ok {
		for _, connReq := range connReqs {
			s.connMgr.Remove(connReq.ID())
		}
		delete(s.persistentConnReqs, pubStr)
	}
	s.pendingConnMtx.Unlock()

	go s.peerConnected(conn, nil, false)
}

// outboundPeerConnected initializes a new peer in response to a new outbound
// connection.
func (s *server) outboundPeerConnected(connReq *connmgr.ConnReq, conn net.Conn) {
	s.peersMtx.Lock()
	defer s.peersMtx.Unlock()

	localPub := s.identityPriv.PubKey()
	nodePub := conn.(*brontide.Conn).RemotePub()
	pubStr := string(nodePub.SerializeCompressed())

	// If we already have an outbound connection to this peer, then ignore
	// this new connection.
	if _, ok := s.outboundPeers[pubStr]; ok {
		srvrLog.Debugf("Ignoring duplicate outbound connection")
		conn.Close()
		return
	}

	if _, ok := s.persistentConnReqs[pubStr]; !ok && connReq != nil {
		srvrLog.Debugf("Ignoring cancelled outbound connection")
		conn.Close()
		return
	}

	srvrLog.Infof("Established connection to: %v", conn.RemoteAddr())

	// As we've just established an outbound connection to this peer, we'll
	// cancel all other persistent connection requests and eliminate the
	// entry for this peer from the map.
	s.pendingConnMtx.Lock()
	if connReqs, ok := s.persistentConnReqs[pubStr]; ok {
		for _, pConnReq := range connReqs {
			if pConnReq.ID() != connReq.ID() {
				s.connMgr.Remove(pConnReq.ID())
			}
		}
		delete(s.persistentConnReqs, pubStr)
	}
	s.pendingConnMtx.Unlock()

	// If we already have an inbound connection from this peer, then we'll
	// check to see _which_ of our connections should be dropped.
	if connectedPeer, ok := s.peersByPub[pubStr]; ok {
		// If our (this) connection should be dropped, then we'll do
		// so, in order to ensure we don't have any duplicate
		// connections.
		if shouldDropLocalConnection(localPub, nodePub) {
			srvrLog.Warnf("Established outbound connection to "+
				"peer %x, but already connected, dropping conn",
				nodePub.SerializeCompressed())
			s.connMgr.Remove(connReq.ID())
			conn.Close()
			return
		}

		// Otherwise, _their_ connection should be dropped. So we'll
		// disconnect the peer and send the now obsolete peer to the
		// server for garbage collection.
		srvrLog.Debugf("Disconnecting stale connection to %v",
			connectedPeer)
		connectedPeer.Disconnect()
		s.donePeers <- connectedPeer
	}

	go s.peerConnected(conn, connReq, true)
}

// addPeer adds the passed peer to the server's global state of all active
// peers.
func (s *server) addPeer(p *peer) {
	if p == nil {
		return
	}

	// Ignore new peers if we're shutting down.
	if atomic.LoadInt32(&s.shutdown) != 0 {
		p.Disconnect()
		return
	}

	// Track the new peer in our indexes so we can quickly look it up either
	// according to its public key, or it's peer ID.
	// TODO(roasbeef): pipe all requests through to the
	// queryHandler/peerManager
	s.peersMtx.Lock()

	pubStr := string(p.addr.IdentityKey.SerializeCompressed())

	s.peersByID[p.id] = p
	s.peersByPub[pubStr] = p

	if p.inbound {
		s.inboundPeers[pubStr] = p
	} else {
		s.outboundPeers[pubStr] = p
	}

	s.peersMtx.Unlock()

	// Launch a goroutine to watch for the termination of this peer so we
	// can ensure all resources are properly cleaned up and if need be
	// connections are re-established.
	go s.peerTerminationWatcher(p)

	// Once the peer has been added to our indexes, send a message to the
	// channel router so we can synchronize our view of the channel graph
	// with this new peer.
	go s.discoverSrv.SynchronizeNode(p.addr.IdentityKey)
}

// removePeer removes the passed peer from the server's state of all active
// peers.
func (s *server) removePeer(p *peer) {
	s.peersMtx.Lock()
	defer s.peersMtx.Unlock()

	srvrLog.Debugf("removing peer %v", p)

	if p == nil {
		return
	}

	// As the peer is now finished, ensure that the TCP connection is
	// closed and all of its related goroutines have exited.
	p.Disconnect()

	// Ignore deleting peers if we're shutting down.
	if atomic.LoadInt32(&s.shutdown) != 0 {
		return
	}

	pubStr := string(p.addr.IdentityKey.SerializeCompressed())

	delete(s.peersByID, p.id)
	delete(s.peersByPub, pubStr)

	if p.inbound {
		delete(s.inboundPeers, pubStr)
	} else {
		delete(s.outboundPeers, pubStr)
	}
}

// connectPeerMsg is a message requesting the server to open a connection to a
// particular peer. This message also houses an error channel which will be
// used to report success/failure.
type connectPeerMsg struct {
	addr       *lnwire.NetAddress
	persistent bool

	err chan error
}

// disconnectPeerMsg is a message requesting the server to disconnect from an
// active peer.
type disconnectPeerMsg struct {
	pubKey *btcec.PublicKey

	err chan error
}

// listPeersMsg is a message sent to the server in order to obtain a listing
// of all currently active channels.
type listPeersMsg struct {
	resp chan []*peer
}

// openChanReq is a message sent to the server in order to request the
// initiation of a channel funding workflow to the peer with either the specified
// relative peer ID, or a global lightning  ID.
type openChanReq struct {
	targetPeerID int32
	targetPubkey *btcec.PublicKey

	// TODO(roasbeef): make enums in lnwire
	channelType uint8
	coinType    uint64

	localFundingAmt  btcutil.Amount
	remoteFundingAmt btcutil.Amount

	pushAmt btcutil.Amount

	numConfs uint32

	updates chan *lnrpc.OpenStatusUpdate
	err     chan error
}

// queryHandler handles any requests to modify the server's internal state of
// all active peers, or query/mutate the server's global state. Additionally,
// any queries directed at peers will be handled by this goroutine.
//
// NOTE: This MUST be run as a goroutine.
func (s *server) queryHandler() {
	go s.connMgr.Start()

out:
	for {
		select {
		// New peers.
		case p := <-s.newPeers:
			s.addPeer(p)

		// Finished peers.
		case p := <-s.donePeers:
			s.removePeer(p)

		case bMsg := <-s.broadcastRequests:
			ignore := bMsg.ignore

			srvrLog.Debugf("Broadcasting %v messages", len(bMsg.msgs))

			// Launch a new goroutine to handle the broadcast
			// request, this allows us process this request
			// asynchronously without blocking subsequent broadcast
			// requests.
			go func() {
				s.peersMtx.RLock()
				for _, sPeer := range s.peersByPub {
					if ignore != nil &&
						sPeer.addr.IdentityKey.IsEqual(ignore) {

						srvrLog.Debugf("Skipping %v in broadcast",
							ignore.SerializeCompressed())

						continue
					}

					go func(p *peer) {
						for _, msg := range bMsg.msgs {
							p.queueMsg(msg, nil)
						}
					}(sPeer)
				}
				s.peersMtx.RUnlock()

				bMsg.errChan <- nil
			}()
		case sMsg := <-s.sendRequests:
			// TODO(roasbeef): use [33]byte everywhere instead
			//  * eliminate usage of mutexes, funnel all peer
			//    mutation to this goroutine
			target := sMsg.target.SerializeCompressed()

			srvrLog.Debugf("Attempting to send msgs %v to: %x",
				len(sMsg.msgs), target)

			// Launch a new goroutine to handle this send request,
			// this allows us process this request asynchronously
			// without blocking future send requests.
			go func() {
				s.peersMtx.RLock()
				targetPeer, ok := s.peersByPub[string(target)]
				if !ok {
					s.peersMtx.RUnlock()
					srvrLog.Errorf("unable to send message to %x, "+
						"peer not found", target)
					sMsg.errChan <- errors.New("peer not found")
					return
				}
				s.peersMtx.RUnlock()

				sMsg.errChan <- nil

				for _, msg := range sMsg.msgs {
					targetPeer.queueMsg(msg, nil)
				}
			}()
		case query := <-s.queries:
			switch msg := query.(type) {
			case *disconnectPeerMsg:
				s.handleDisconnectPeer(msg)
			case *connectPeerMsg:
				s.handleConnectPeer(msg)
			case *listPeersMsg:
				s.handleListPeers(msg)
			case *openChanReq:
				s.handleOpenChanReq(msg)
			}
		case <-s.quit:
			break out
		}
	}

	s.connMgr.Stop()

	s.wg.Done()
}

// handleListPeers sends a lice of all currently active peers to the original
// caller.
func (s *server) handleListPeers(msg *listPeersMsg) {
	s.peersMtx.RLock()

	peers := make([]*peer, 0, len(s.peersByID))
	for _, peer := range s.peersByID {
		peers = append(peers, peer)
	}

	s.peersMtx.RUnlock()

	msg.resp <- peers
}

// handleConnectPeer attempts to establish a connection to the address enclosed
// within the passed connectPeerMsg. This function is *async*, a goroutine will
// be spawned in order to finish the request, and respond to the caller.
func (s *server) handleConnectPeer(msg *connectPeerMsg) {
	addr := msg.addr

	targetPub := string(msg.addr.IdentityKey.SerializeCompressed())

	// Ensure we're not already connected to this
	// peer.
	s.peersMtx.RLock()
	peer, ok := s.peersByPub[targetPub]
	if ok {
		s.peersMtx.RUnlock()
		msg.err <- fmt.Errorf("already connected to peer: %v", peer)
		return
	}
	s.peersMtx.RUnlock()

	// If there's already a pending connection request for this pubkey,
	// then we ignore this request to ensure we don't create a redundant
	// connection.
	s.pendingConnMtx.RLock()
	if _, ok := s.persistentConnReqs[targetPub]; ok {
		s.pendingConnMtx.RUnlock()
		msg.err <- fmt.Errorf("connection attempt to %v is pending",
			addr)
		return
	}
	s.pendingConnMtx.RUnlock()

	// If there's not already a pending or active connection to this node,
	// then instruct the connection manager to attempt to establish a
	// persistent connection to the peer.
	srvrLog.Debugf("Connecting to %v", addr)
	if msg.persistent {
		connReq := &connmgr.ConnReq{
			Addr:      addr,
			Permanent: true,
		}

		s.pendingConnMtx.Lock()
		s.persistentPeers[targetPub] = struct{}{}
		s.persistentConnReqs[targetPub] = append(s.persistentConnReqs[targetPub],
			connReq)
		s.pendingConnMtx.Unlock()

		go s.connMgr.Connect(connReq)
		msg.err <- nil
	} else {
		// If we're not making a persistent connection, then we'll
		// attempt to connect o the target peer, returning an error
		// which indicates success of failure.
		go func() {
			// Attempt to connect to the remote node. If the we
			// can't make the connection, or the crypto negotiation
			// breaks down, then return an error to the caller.
			conn, err := brontide.Dial(s.identityPriv, addr)
			if err != nil {
				msg.err <- err
				return
			}

			s.outboundPeerConnected(nil, conn)
			msg.err <- nil
		}()
	}
}

// handleDisconnectPeer attempts to disconnect one peer from another
func (s *server) handleDisconnectPeer(msg *disconnectPeerMsg) {
	pubBytes := msg.pubKey.SerializeCompressed()
	pubStr := string(pubBytes)

	// Check that were actually connected to this peer. If not, then we'll
	// exit in an error as we can't disconnect from a peer that we're not
	// currently connected to.
	s.peersMtx.RLock()
	peer, ok := s.peersByPub[pubStr]
	s.peersMtx.RUnlock()
	if !ok {
		msg.err <- fmt.Errorf("unable to find peer %x", pubBytes)
		return
	}

	// If this peer was formerly a persistent connection, then we'll remove
	// them from this map so we don't attempt to re-connect after we
	// disconnect.
	s.pendingConnMtx.Lock()
	if _, ok := s.persistentPeers[pubStr]; ok {
		delete(s.persistentPeers, pubStr)
	}
	s.pendingConnMtx.Unlock()

	// Now that we know the peer is actually connected, we'll disconnect
	// from the peer.
	srvrLog.Infof("Disconnecting from %v", peer)
	peer.Disconnect()

	msg.err <- nil
}

// handleOpenChanReq first locates the target peer, and if found hands off the
// request to the funding manager allowing it to initiate the channel funding
// workflow.
func (s *server) handleOpenChanReq(req *openChanReq) {
	var (
		targetPeer  *peer
		pubKeyBytes []byte
	)

	// If the user is targeting the peer by public key, then we'll need to
	// convert that into a string for our map. Otherwise, we expect them to
	// target by peer ID instead.
	if req.targetPubkey != nil {
		pubKeyBytes = req.targetPubkey.SerializeCompressed()
	}

	// First attempt to locate the target peer to open a channel with, if
	// we're unable to locate the peer then this request will fail.
	s.peersMtx.RLock()
	if peer, ok := s.peersByID[req.targetPeerID]; ok {
		targetPeer = peer
	} else if peer, ok := s.peersByPub[string(pubKeyBytes)]; ok {
		targetPeer = peer
	}
	s.peersMtx.RUnlock()

	if targetPeer == nil {
		req.err <- fmt.Errorf("unable to find peer nodeID(%x), "+
			"peerID(%v)", pubKeyBytes, req.targetPeerID)
		return
	}

	// Spawn a goroutine to send the funding workflow request to the
	// funding manager. This allows the server to continue handling queries
	// instead of blocking on this request which is exported as a
	// synchronous request to the outside world.
	// TODO(roasbeef): pass in chan that's closed if/when funding succeeds
	// so can track as persistent peer?
	go s.fundingMgr.initFundingWorkflow(targetPeer.addr, req)
}

// ConnectToPeer requests that the server connect to a Lightning Network peer
// at the specified address. This function will *block* until either a
// connection is established, or the initial handshake process fails.
func (s *server) ConnectToPeer(addr *lnwire.NetAddress,
	perm bool) error {

	errChan := make(chan error, 1)

	s.queries <- &connectPeerMsg{
		addr:       addr,
		persistent: perm,
		err:        errChan,
	}

	return <-errChan
}

// DisconnectPeer sends the request to server to close the connection with peer
// identified by public key.
func (s *server) DisconnectPeer(pubKey *btcec.PublicKey) error {

	errChan := make(chan error, 1)

	s.queries <- &disconnectPeerMsg{
		pubKey: pubKey,
		err:    errChan,
	}

	return <-errChan
}

// OpenChannel sends a request to the server to open a channel to the specified
// peer identified by ID with the passed channel funding paramters.
func (s *server) OpenChannel(peerID int32, nodeKey *btcec.PublicKey,
	localAmt, pushAmt btcutil.Amount,
	numConfs uint32) (chan *lnrpc.OpenStatusUpdate, chan error) {

	errChan := make(chan error, 1)
	updateChan := make(chan *lnrpc.OpenStatusUpdate, 1)

	req := &openChanReq{
		targetPeerID:    peerID,
		targetPubkey:    nodeKey,
		localFundingAmt: localAmt,
		pushAmt:         pushAmt,
		numConfs:        numConfs,
		updates:         updateChan,
		err:             errChan,
	}

	s.queries <- req

	return updateChan, errChan
}

// Peers returns a slice of all active peers.
func (s *server) Peers() []*peer {
	resp := make(chan []*peer, 1)

	s.queries <- &listPeersMsg{resp}

	return <-resp
}