Add a CheckCircularForward function which detects packets which are
forwards over the same incoming and outgoing link, and errors if the
node is configured to disallow forwards of this nature. This check is
added to increase the cost of a liquidity lockup attack, because it
increases the length of the route required to lock up an individual
node's bandwidth. Since nodes are currently limited to 20 hops,
increasing the length of the route needed to lock up capital increases
the number of malicious payments an attacker will have to route, which
increases the capital requirement of the attack overall.
Update the ChannelLink interface to specifically
return the LinkError struct. This error implements
the ClearTextError interface, so will be picked
up as a routing realted error by the router.
With LinkErrors implemented, the switch now
returns a LinkError for all failures on our
incoming/outgoing link and ForwardingError when
the failure occurs down the line.
