lnd.xprv/breacharbiter.go

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package main
import (
"bytes"
"encoding/binary"
"errors"
"io"
"sync"
"sync/atomic"
"github.com/boltdb/bolt"
"github.com/davecgh/go-spew/spew"
"github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd/chainntnfs"
"github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd/channeldb"
"github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd/htlcswitch"
"github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd/lnwallet"
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"github.com/roasbeef/btcd/blockchain"
"github.com/roasbeef/btcd/btcec"
"github.com/roasbeef/btcd/chaincfg/chainhash"
"github.com/roasbeef/btcd/txscript"
"github.com/roasbeef/btcd/wire"
"github.com/roasbeef/btcutil"
)
// retributionBucket stores retribution state on disk between detecting a
// contract breach, broadcasting a justice transaction that sweeps the channel,
// and finally witnessing the justice transaction confirm on the blockchain. It
// is critical that such state is persisted on disk, so that if our node
// restarts at any point during the retribution procedure, we can recover and
// continue from the persisted state.
var retributionBucket = []byte("retribution")
// BreachConfig bundles the required subsystems used by the breach arbiter. An
// instance of BreachConfig is passed to newBreachArbiter during instantiation.
type BreachConfig struct {
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// ChainIO is used by the breach arbiter to determine the current height
// of the blockchain, which is required to subscribe for spend
// notifications from Notifier.
ChainIO lnwallet.BlockChainIO
// CloseLink allows the breach arbiter to shutdown any channel links for
// which it detects a breach, ensuring now further activity will
// continue across the link. The method accepts link's channel point and a
// close type to be included in the channel close summary.
CloseLink func(*wire.OutPoint, htlcswitch.ChannelCloseType)
// DB provides access to the user's channels, allowing the breach
// arbiter to determine the current state of a user's channels, and how
// it should respond to channel closure.
DB *channeldb.DB
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// Estimator is used by the breach arbiter to determine an appropriate
// fee level when generating, signing, and broadcasting sweep
// transactions.
Estimator lnwallet.FeeEstimator
// GenSweepScript generates the receiving scripts for swept outputs.
GenSweepScript func() ([]byte, error)
// Notifier provides a publish/subscribe interface for event driven
// notifications regarding the confirmation of txids.
Notifier chainntnfs.ChainNotifier
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// PublishTransaction facilitates the process of broadcasting a
// transaction to the network.
PublishTransaction func(*wire.MsgTx) error
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// Signer is used by the breach arbiter to generate sweep transactions,
// which move coins from previously open channels back to the user's
// wallet.
Signer lnwallet.Signer
// Store is a persistent resource that maintains information regarding
// breached channels. This is used in conjunction with DB to recover
// from crashes, restarts, or other failures.
Store RetributionStore
}
// breachArbiter is a special subsystem which is responsible for watching and
// acting on the detection of any attempted uncooperative channel breaches by
// channel counterparties. This file essentially acts as deterrence code for
// those attempting to launch attacks against the daemon. In practice it's
// expected that the logic in this file never gets executed, but it is
// important to have it in place just in case we encounter cheating channel
// counterparties.
// TODO(roasbeef): closures in config for subsystem pointers to decouple?
type breachArbiter struct {
cfg *BreachConfig
// breachObservers is a map which tracks all the active breach
// observers we're currently managing. The key of the map is the
// funding outpoint of the channel, and the value is a channel which
// will be closed once we detect that the channel has been
// cooperatively closed, thereby killing the goroutine and freeing up
// resources.
breachObservers map[wire.OutPoint]chan struct{}
// breachedContracts is a channel which is used internally within the
// struct to send the necessary information required to punish a
// counterparty once a channel breach is detected. Breach observers
// use this to communicate with the main contractObserver goroutine.
breachedContracts chan *retributionInfo
// newContracts is a channel which is used by outside subsystems to
// notify the breachArbiter of a new contract (a channel) that should
// be watched.
newContracts chan *lnwallet.LightningChannel
// settledContracts is a channel by outside subsystems to notify
// the breachArbiter that a channel has peacefully been closed. Once a
// channel has been closed the arbiter no longer needs to watch for
// breach closes.
settledContracts chan *wire.OutPoint
started uint32
stopped uint32
quit chan struct{}
wg sync.WaitGroup
}
// newBreachArbiter creates a new instance of a breachArbiter initialized with
// its dependent objects.
func newBreachArbiter(cfg *BreachConfig) *breachArbiter {
return &breachArbiter{
cfg: cfg,
breachObservers: make(map[wire.OutPoint]chan struct{}),
breachedContracts: make(chan *retributionInfo),
newContracts: make(chan *lnwallet.LightningChannel),
settledContracts: make(chan *wire.OutPoint),
quit: make(chan struct{}),
}
}
// Start is an idempotent method that officially starts the breachArbiter along
// with all other goroutines it needs to perform its functions.
func (b *breachArbiter) Start() error {
if !atomic.CompareAndSwapUint32(&b.started, 0, 1) {
return nil
}
brarLog.Tracef("Starting breach arbiter")
// We load all pending retributions from the database and
// deterministically reconstruct a channel close summary for each. In
// the event that a channel is still open after being breached, we can
// use the close summary to reinitiate a channel close so that the
// breach is reflected in channeldb.
breachRetInfos := make(map[wire.OutPoint]retributionInfo)
closeSummaries := make(map[wire.OutPoint]channeldb.ChannelCloseSummary)
err := b.cfg.Store.ForAll(func(ret *retributionInfo) error {
// Extract emitted retribution information.
breachRetInfos[ret.chanPoint] = *ret
// Deterministically reconstruct channel close summary from
// persisted retribution information and record in breach close
// summaries map under the corresponding channel point.
closeSummary := channeldb.ChannelCloseSummary{
ChanPoint: ret.chanPoint,
ClosingTXID: ret.commitHash,
RemotePub: ret.remoteIdentity,
Capacity: ret.capacity,
SettledBalance: ret.settledBalance,
CloseType: channeldb.BreachClose,
IsPending: true,
}
closeSummaries[ret.chanPoint] = closeSummary
return nil
})
if err != nil {
return err
}
// We need to query that database state for all currently active
// channels, each of these channels will need a goroutine assigned to
// it to watch for channel breaches.
activeChannels, err := b.cfg.DB.FetchAllChannels()
if err != nil && err != channeldb.ErrNoActiveChannels {
brarLog.Errorf("unable to fetch active channels: %v", err)
return err
}
nActive := len(activeChannels)
if nActive > 0 {
brarLog.Infof("Retrieved %v channels from database, watching "+
"with vigilance!", nActive)
}
// Here we will determine a set of channels that will need to be managed
// by the contractObserver. For each of the open channels read from
// disk, we will create a channel state machine that can be used to
// watch for any potential channel closures. We must first exclude any
// channel whose retribution process has been initiated, and proceed to
// mark them as closed. The state machines generated for these filtered
// channels can be discarded, as their fate will be placed in the hands
// of an exactRetribution task spawned later.
//
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// NOTE: Spawning of the exactRetribution task is intentionally
// postponed until after this step in order to ensure that the all
// breached channels are reflected as closed in channeldb and consistent
// with what is checkpointed by the breach arbiter. Instead of treating
// the breached-and-closed and breached-but-still-active channels as
// separate sets of channels, we first ensure that all
// breached-but-still-active channels are promoted to
// breached-and-closed during restart, allowing us to treat them as a
// single set from here on out. This approach also has the added benefit
// of minimizing the likelihood that the wrong number of tasks are
// spawned per breached channel, and prevents us from being in a
// position where retribution has completed but the channel is still
// marked as open in channeldb.
channelsToWatch := make([]*lnwallet.LightningChannel, 0, nActive)
for _, chanState := range activeChannels {
// Initialize active channel from persisted channel state.
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channel, err := lnwallet.NewLightningChannel(nil,
b.cfg.Notifier, b.cfg.Estimator, chanState)
if err != nil {
brarLog.Errorf("unable to load channel from "+
"disk: %v", err)
return err
}
// Before marking this as an active channel that the breach
// arbiter should watch, check to see if this channel was
// previously breached. If so, we attempt to reflect this in the
// channeldb by closing the channel. Upon success, we continue
// because the channel is no longer open, and thus does not need
// to be managed by the contractObserver.
chanPoint := chanState.FundingOutpoint
if closeSummary, ok := closeSummaries[chanPoint]; ok {
// Since this channel should not be open, we
// immediately notify the HTLC switch that this link
// should be closed, and that all activity on the link
// should cease.
b.cfg.CloseLink(&chanState.FundingOutpoint,
htlcswitch.CloseBreach)
// Ensure channeldb is consistent with the persisted
// breach.
err := channel.DeleteState(&closeSummary)
if err != nil {
brarLog.Errorf("unable to delete channel "+
"state: %v", err)
return err
}
// Now that this channel is both breached _and_ closed,
// we can skip adding it to the `channelsToWatch` since
// we can begin the retribution process immediately.
continue
}
// Finally, add this channel to breach arbiter's list of
// channels to watch.
channelsToWatch = append(channelsToWatch, channel)
}
// TODO(roasbeef): instead use closure height of channel
_, currentHeight, err := b.cfg.ChainIO.GetBestBlock()
if err != nil {
return err
}
// Additionally, we'll also want to watch any pending close or force
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// close transactions so we can properly mark them as resolved in the
// database.
if err := b.watchForPendingCloseConfs(currentHeight); err != nil {
return err
}
// Spawn the exactRetribution tasks to monitor and resolve any breaches
// that were loaded from the retribution store.
for chanPoint, closeSummary := range closeSummaries {
// Register for a notification when the breach transaction is
// confirmed on chain.
breachTXID := closeSummary.ClosingTXID
confChan, err := b.cfg.Notifier.RegisterConfirmationsNtfn(
&breachTXID, 1, uint32(currentHeight))
if err != nil {
brarLog.Errorf("unable to register for conf updates "+
"for txid: %v, err: %v", breachTXID, err)
return err
}
// Launch a new goroutine which to finalize the channel
// retribution after the breach transaction confirms.
retInfo := breachRetInfos[chanPoint]
b.wg.Add(1)
go b.exactRetribution(confChan, &retInfo)
}
// Start watching the remaining active channels!
b.wg.Add(1)
go b.contractObserver(channelsToWatch)
return nil
}
// watchForPendingCloseConfs dispatches confirmation notification subscribers
// that mark any pending channels as fully closed when signaled.
func (b *breachArbiter) watchForPendingCloseConfs(currentHeight int32) error {
pendingCloseChans, err := b.cfg.DB.FetchClosedChannels(true)
if err != nil {
brarLog.Errorf("unable to fetch closing channels: %v", err)
return err
}
for _, pendingClose := range pendingCloseChans {
// If this channel was force closed, and we have a non-zero
// time-locked balance, then the utxoNursery is currently
// watching over it. As a result we don't need to watch over
// it.
if pendingClose.CloseType == channeldb.ForceClose &&
pendingClose.TimeLockedBalance != 0 {
continue
}
brarLog.Infof("Watching for the closure of ChannelPoint(%v)",
pendingClose.ChanPoint)
closeTXID := pendingClose.ClosingTXID
confNtfn, err := b.cfg.Notifier.RegisterConfirmationsNtfn(
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&closeTXID, 1, uint32(currentHeight))
if err != nil {
return err
}
b.wg.Add(1)
go func(chanPoint wire.OutPoint) {
defer b.wg.Done()
// In the case that the ChainNotifier is shutting down,
// all subscriber notification channels will be closed,
// generating a nil receive.
select {
case confInfo, ok := <-confNtfn.Confirmed:
if !ok {
return
}
brarLog.Infof("ChannelPoint(%v) is "+
"fully closed, at height: %v",
chanPoint, confInfo.BlockHeight)
// TODO(roasbeef): need to store
// UnilateralCloseSummary on disk so can
// possibly sweep output here
err := b.cfg.DB.MarkChanFullyClosed(&chanPoint)
if err != nil {
brarLog.Errorf("unable to mark channel"+
" as closed: %v", err)
}
case <-b.quit:
return
}
}(pendingClose.ChanPoint)
}
return nil
}
// Stop is an idempotent method that signals the breachArbiter to execute a
// graceful shutdown. This function will block until all goroutines spawned by
// the breachArbiter have gracefully exited.
func (b *breachArbiter) Stop() error {
if !atomic.CompareAndSwapUint32(&b.stopped, 0, 1) {
return nil
}
brarLog.Infof("Breach arbiter shutting down")
close(b.quit)
b.wg.Wait()
return nil
}
// contractObserver is the primary goroutine for the breachArbiter. This
// goroutine is responsible for managing goroutines that watch for breaches for
// all current active and newly created channels. If a channel breach is
// detected by a spawned child goroutine, then the contractObserver will
// execute the retribution logic required to sweep ALL outputs from a contested
// channel into the daemon's wallet.
//
// NOTE: This MUST be run as a goroutine.
func (b *breachArbiter) contractObserver(
activeChannels []*lnwallet.LightningChannel) {
defer b.wg.Done()
// For each active channel found within the database, we launch a
// detected breachObserver goroutine for that channel and also track
// the new goroutine within the breachObservers map so we can cancel it
// later if necessary.
for _, channel := range activeChannels {
settleSignal := make(chan struct{})
chanPoint := channel.ChannelPoint()
b.breachObservers[*chanPoint] = settleSignal
b.wg.Add(1)
go b.breachObserver(channel, settleSignal)
}
// TODO(roasbeef): need to ensure currentHeight passed in doesn't
// result in lost notification
out:
for {
select {
case breachInfo := <-b.breachedContracts:
_, currentHeight, err := b.cfg.ChainIO.GetBestBlock()
if err != nil {
brarLog.Errorf("unable to get best height: %v",
err)
}
// A new channel contract has just been breached! We
// first register for a notification to be dispatched
// once the breach transaction (the revoked commitment
// transaction) has been confirmed in the chain to
// ensure we're not dealing with a moving target.
breachTXID := &breachInfo.commitHash
cfChan, err := b.cfg.Notifier.RegisterConfirmationsNtfn(
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breachTXID, 1, uint32(currentHeight))
if err != nil {
brarLog.Errorf("unable to register for conf "+
"updates for txid: %v, err: %v",
breachTXID, err)
continue
}
brarLog.Warnf("A channel has been breached with "+
"txid: %v. Waiting for confirmation, then "+
"justice will be served!", breachTXID)
// With the retribution state persisted, channel close
// persisted, and notification registered, we launch a
// new goroutine which will finalize the channel
// retribution after the breach transaction has been
// confirmed.
b.wg.Add(1)
go b.exactRetribution(cfChan, breachInfo)
delete(b.breachObservers, breachInfo.chanPoint)
case contract := <-b.newContracts:
// A new channel has just been opened within the
// daemon, so we launch a new breachObserver to handle
// the detection of attempted contract breaches.
settleSignal := make(chan struct{})
chanPoint := contract.ChannelPoint()
// If the contract is already being watched, then an
// additional send indicates we have a stale version of
// the contract. So we'll cancel active watcher
// goroutine to create a new instance with the latest
// contract reference.
if oldSignal, ok := b.breachObservers[*chanPoint]; ok {
brarLog.Infof("ChannelPoint(%v) is now live, "+
"abandoning state contract for live "+
"version", chanPoint)
close(oldSignal)
}
b.breachObservers[*chanPoint] = settleSignal
brarLog.Debugf("New contract detected, launching " +
"breachObserver")
b.wg.Add(1)
go b.breachObserver(contract, settleSignal)
// TODO(roasbeef): add doneChan to signal to peer
// continue * peer send over to us on
// loadActiveChanenls, sync until we're aware so no
// state transitions
case chanPoint := <-b.settledContracts:
// A new channel has been closed either unilaterally or
// cooperatively, as a result we no longer need a
// breachObserver detected to the channel.
killSignal, ok := b.breachObservers[*chanPoint]
if !ok {
brarLog.Errorf("Unable to find contract: %v",
chanPoint)
continue
}
brarLog.Debugf("ChannelPoint(%v) has been settled, "+
"cancelling breachObserver", chanPoint)
// If we had a breachObserver active, then we signal it
// for exit and also delete its state from our tracking
// map.
close(killSignal)
delete(b.breachObservers, *chanPoint)
case <-b.quit:
break out
}
}
return
}
// exactRetribution is a goroutine which is executed once a contract breach has
// been detected by a breachObserver. This function is responsible for
// punishing a counterparty for violating the channel contract by sweeping ALL
// the lingering funds within the channel into the daemon's wallet.
//
// NOTE: This MUST be run as a goroutine.
func (b *breachArbiter) exactRetribution(
confChan *chainntnfs.ConfirmationEvent,
breachInfo *retributionInfo) {
defer b.wg.Done()
// TODO(roasbeef): state needs to be checkpointed here
select {
case _, ok := <-confChan.Confirmed:
// If the second value is !ok, then the channel has been closed
// signifying a daemon shutdown, so we exit.
if !ok {
return
}
// Otherwise, if this is a real confirmation notification, then
// we fall through to complete our duty.
case <-b.quit:
return
}
brarLog.Debugf("Breach transaction %v has been confirmed, sweeping "+
"revoked funds", breachInfo.commitHash)
// With the breach transaction confirmed, we now create the justice tx
// which will claim ALL the funds within the channel.
justiceTx, err := b.createJusticeTx(breachInfo)
if err != nil {
brarLog.Errorf("unable to create justice tx: %v", err)
return
}
brarLog.Debugf("Broadcasting justice tx: %v",
newLogClosure(func() string {
return spew.Sdump(justiceTx)
}))
_, currentHeight, err := b.cfg.ChainIO.GetBestBlock()
if err != nil {
brarLog.Errorf("unable to get current height: %v", err)
return
}
// Finally, broadcast the transaction, finalizing the channels'
// retribution against the cheating counterparty.
if err := b.cfg.PublishTransaction(justiceTx); err != nil {
brarLog.Errorf("unable to broadcast "+
"justice tx: %v", err)
return
}
// As a conclusionary step, we register for a notification to be
// dispatched once the justice tx is confirmed. After confirmation we
// notify the caller that initiated the retribution workflow that the
// deed has been done.
justiceTXID := justiceTx.TxHash()
confChan, err = b.cfg.Notifier.RegisterConfirmationsNtfn(
&justiceTXID, 1, uint32(currentHeight))
if err != nil {
brarLog.Errorf("unable to register for conf for txid: %v",
justiceTXID)
return
}
select {
case _, ok := <-confChan.Confirmed:
if !ok {
return
}
// Compute both the total value of funds being swept and the
// amount of funds that were revoked from the counter party.
var totalFunds, revokedFunds btcutil.Amount
for _, input := range breachInfo.breachedOutputs {
totalFunds += input.Amount()
// If the output being revoked is the remote commitment
// output or an offered HTLC output, it's amount
// contributes to the value of funds being revoked from
// the counter party.
switch input.WitnessType() {
case lnwallet.CommitmentRevoke:
revokedFunds += input.Amount()
case lnwallet.HtlcOfferedRevoke:
revokedFunds += input.Amount()
default:
}
}
brarLog.Infof("Justice for ChannelPoint(%v) has "+
"been served, %v revoked funds (%v total) "+
"have been claimed", breachInfo.chanPoint,
revokedFunds, totalFunds)
// With the channel closed, mark it in the database as such.
err := b.cfg.DB.MarkChanFullyClosed(&breachInfo.chanPoint)
if err != nil {
brarLog.Errorf("unable to mark chan as closed: %v", err)
}
// Justice has been carried out; we can safely delete the
// retribution info from the database.
err = b.cfg.Store.Remove(&breachInfo.chanPoint)
if err != nil {
brarLog.Errorf("unable to remove retribution "+
"from the db: %v", err)
}
// TODO(roasbeef): add peer to blacklist?
// TODO(roasbeef): close other active channels with offending
// peer
return
case <-b.quit:
return
}
}
// breachObserver notifies the breachArbiter contract observer goroutine that a
// channel's contract has been breached by the prior counterparty. Once
// notified the breachArbiter will attempt to sweep ALL funds within the
// channel using the information provided within the BreachRetribution
// generated due to the breach of channel contract. The funds will be swept
// only after the breaching transaction receives a necessary number of
// confirmations.
func (b *breachArbiter) breachObserver(contract *lnwallet.LightningChannel,
settleSignal chan struct{}) {
defer b.wg.Done()
chanPoint := contract.ChannelPoint()
brarLog.Debugf("Breach observer for ChannelPoint(%v) started ",
chanPoint)
select {
// A read from this channel indicates that the contract has been
// settled cooperatively so we exit as our duties are no longer needed.
case <-settleSignal:
contract.CancelObserver()
contract.Stop()
return
// The channel has been closed by a normal means: force closing with
// the latest commitment transaction.
case closeInfo := <-contract.UnilateralClose:
// Launch a goroutine to cancel out this contract within the
// breachArbiter's main goroutine.
b.wg.Add(1)
go func() {
defer b.wg.Done()
select {
case b.settledContracts <- chanPoint:
case <-b.quit:
}
}()
b.cfg.CloseLink(chanPoint, htlcswitch.CloseBreach)
contract.CancelObserver()
contract.Stop()
// Next, we'll launch a goroutine to wait until the closing
// transaction has been confirmed so we can mark the contract
// as resolved in the database. This go routine is _not_ tracked
// by the breach arbiter's wait group since the callback may not
// be executed before shutdown, potentially leading to a
// deadlocks as the arbiter may not be able to finish shutting
// down.
//
// TODO(roasbeef): also notify utxoNursery, might've had
// outbound HTLC's in flight
go waitForChanToClose(uint32(closeInfo.SpendingHeight),
b.cfg.Notifier, nil, chanPoint, closeInfo.SpenderTxHash,
func() {
// As we just detected a channel was closed via
// a unilateral commitment broadcast by the
// remote party, we'll need to sweep our main
// commitment output, and any outstanding
// outgoing HTLC we had as well.
//
// TODO(roasbeef): actually sweep HTLC's *
// ensure reliable confirmation
if closeInfo.SelfOutPoint != nil {
sweepTx, err := b.craftCommitSweepTx(
closeInfo,
)
if err != nil {
brarLog.Errorf("unable to "+
"generate sweep tx: %v",
err)
goto close
}
brarLog.Infof("Sweeping breached "+
"outputs with: %v",
spew.Sdump(sweepTx))
err = b.cfg.PublishTransaction(sweepTx)
if err != nil {
brarLog.Errorf("unable to "+
"broadcast tx: %v", err)
}
}
close:
brarLog.Infof("Force closed ChannelPoint(%v) "+
"is fully closed, updating DB",
chanPoint)
err := b.cfg.DB.MarkChanFullyClosed(chanPoint)
if err != nil {
brarLog.Errorf("unable to mark chan "+
"as closed: %v", err)
}
})
// A read from this channel indicates that a channel breach has been
// detected! So we notify the main coordination goroutine with the
// information needed to bring the counterparty to justice.
case breachInfo := <-contract.ContractBreach:
brarLog.Warnf("REVOKED STATE #%v FOR ChannelPoint(%v) "+
"broadcast, REMOTE PEER IS DOING SOMETHING "+
"SKETCHY!!!", breachInfo.RevokedStateNum,
chanPoint)
// Immediately notify the HTLC switch that this link has been
// breached in order to ensure any incoming or outgoing
// multi-hop HTLCs aren't sent over this link, nor any other
// links associated with this peer.
b.cfg.CloseLink(chanPoint, htlcswitch.CloseBreach)
// TODO(roasbeef): need to handle case of remote broadcast
// mid-local initiated state-transition, possible
// false-positive?
// Obtain a snapshot of the final channel state, which can be
// used to reclose a breached channel in the event of a failure.
chanInfo := contract.StateSnapshot()
// Using the breach information provided by the wallet and the
// channel snapshot, construct the retribution information that
// will be persisted to disk.
retInfo := newRetributionInfo(chanPoint, breachInfo, chanInfo)
// Persist the pending retribution state to disk.
if err := b.cfg.Store.Add(retInfo); err != nil {
brarLog.Errorf("unable to persist retribution info "+
"to db: %v", err)
}
// TODO(conner): move responsibility of channel closure into
// lnwallet. Have breach arbiter ACK after writing to disk, then
// have wallet mark channel as closed. This allows the wallet to
// attempt to retransmit the breach info if the either arbiter
// or the wallet goes down before completing the hand off.
// Now that the breach arbiter has persisted the information,
// we can go ahead and mark the channel as closed in the
// channeldb. This step is done after persisting the
// retribution information so that a failure between these steps
// will cause an attempt to monitor the still-open channel.
// However, since the retribution information was persisted
// before, the arbiter will recognize that the channel should be
// closed, and proceed to mark it as such after a restart, and
// forgo monitoring it for breaches.
// Construct the breached channel's close summary marking the
// channel using the snapshot from before, and marking this as a
// BreachClose.
closeInfo := &channeldb.ChannelCloseSummary{
ChanPoint: *chanPoint,
ChainHash: breachInfo.ChainHash,
ClosingTXID: breachInfo.BreachTransaction.TxHash(),
RemotePub: &chanInfo.RemoteIdentity,
Capacity: chanInfo.Capacity,
SettledBalance: chanInfo.LocalBalance.ToSatoshis(),
CloseType: channeldb.BreachClose,
IsPending: true,
}
// Next, persist the channel close to disk. Upon restart, the
// arbiter will recognize that this channel has been breached
// and marked close, and fast track its path to justice.
if err := contract.DeleteState(closeInfo); err != nil {
brarLog.Errorf("unable to delete channel state: %v",
err)
}
// Finally, we send the retribution information into the
// breachArbiter event loop to deal swift justice.
select {
case b.breachedContracts <- retInfo:
case <-b.quit:
}
case <-b.quit:
return
}
}
// SpendableOutput an interface which can be used by the breach arbiter to
// construct a transaction spending from outputs we control.
type SpendableOutput interface {
// Amount returns the number of satoshis contained within the output.
Amount() btcutil.Amount
// Outpoint returns the reference to the output being spent, used to
// construct the corresponding transaction input.
OutPoint() *wire.OutPoint
// WitnessType returns an enum specifying the type of witness that must
// be generated in order to spend this output.
WitnessType() lnwallet.WitnessType
// SignDesc returns a reference to a spendable output's sign descriptor,
// which is used during signing to compute a valid witness that spends
// this output.
SignDesc() *lnwallet.SignDescriptor
// BuildWitness returns a valid witness allowing this output to be
// spent, the witness should be attached to the transaction at the
// location determined by the given `txinIdx`.
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BuildWitness(signer lnwallet.Signer, txn *wire.MsgTx,
hashCache *txscript.TxSigHashes,
txinIdx int) ([][]byte, error)
}
// breachedOutput contains all the information needed to sweep a breached
// output. A breached output is an output that we are now entitled to due to a
// revoked commitment transaction being broadcast.
type breachedOutput struct {
amt btcutil.Amount
outpoint wire.OutPoint
witnessType lnwallet.WitnessType
signDesc lnwallet.SignDescriptor
witnessFunc lnwallet.WitnessGenerator
}
// makeBreachedOutput assembles a new breachedOutput that can be used by the
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// breach arbiter to construct a justice or sweep transaction.
func makeBreachedOutput(outpoint *wire.OutPoint,
witnessType lnwallet.WitnessType,
signDescriptor *lnwallet.SignDescriptor) breachedOutput {
amount := signDescriptor.Output.Value
return breachedOutput{
amt: btcutil.Amount(amount),
outpoint: *outpoint,
witnessType: witnessType,
signDesc: *signDescriptor,
}
}
// Amount returns the number of satoshis contained in the breached output.
func (bo *breachedOutput) Amount() btcutil.Amount {
return bo.amt
}
// OutPoint returns the breached output's identifier that is to be included as a
// transaction input.
func (bo *breachedOutput) OutPoint() *wire.OutPoint {
return &bo.outpoint
}
// WitnessType returns the type of witness that must be generated to spend the
// breached output.
func (bo *breachedOutput) WitnessType() lnwallet.WitnessType {
return bo.witnessType
}
// SignDesc returns the breached output's SignDescriptor, which is used during
// signing to compute the witness.
func (bo *breachedOutput) SignDesc() *lnwallet.SignDescriptor {
return &bo.signDesc
}
// BuildWitness computes a valid witness that allows us to spend from the
// breached output. It does so by first generating and memoizing the witness
// generation function, which parameterized primarily by the witness type and
// sign descriptor. The method then returns the witness computed by invoking
// this function on the first and subsequent calls.
func (bo *breachedOutput) BuildWitness(signer lnwallet.Signer,
txn *wire.MsgTx,
hashCache *txscript.TxSigHashes,
txinIdx int) ([][]byte, error) {
// First, we ensure that the witness generation function has
// been initialized for this breached output.
if bo.witnessFunc == nil {
bo.witnessFunc = bo.witnessType.GenWitnessFunc(
signer, bo.SignDesc())
}
// Now that we have ensured that the witness generation function has
// been initialized, we can proceed to execute it and generate the
// witness for this particular breached output.
return bo.witnessFunc(txn, hashCache, txinIdx)
}
// Add compile-time constraint ensuring breachedOutput implements
// SpendableOutput.
var _ SpendableOutput = (*breachedOutput)(nil)
// retributionInfo encapsulates all the data needed to sweep all the contested
// funds within a channel whose contract has been breached by the prior
// counterparty. This struct is used to create the justice transaction which
// spends all outputs of the commitment transaction into an output controlled
// by the wallet.
type retributionInfo struct {
commitHash chainhash.Hash
chanPoint wire.OutPoint
chainHash chainhash.Hash
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// TODO(conner): remove the following group of fields after decoupling
// the breach arbiter from the wallet.
// Fields copied from channel snapshot when a breach is detected. This
// is necessary for deterministically constructing the channel close
// summary in the event that the breach arbiter crashes before closing
// the channel.
remoteIdentity *btcec.PublicKey
capacity btcutil.Amount
settledBalance btcutil.Amount
breachedOutputs []breachedOutput
}
// newRetributionInfo constructs a retributionInfo containing all the
// information required by the breach arbiter to recover funds from breached
// channels. The information is primarily populated using the BreachRetribution
// delivered by the wallet when it detects a channel breach.
func newRetributionInfo(chanPoint *wire.OutPoint,
breachInfo *lnwallet.BreachRetribution,
chanInfo *channeldb.ChannelSnapshot) *retributionInfo {
// Determine the number of second layer HTLCs we will attempt to sweep.
nHtlcs := len(breachInfo.HtlcRetributions)
// Initialize a slice to hold the outputs we will attempt to sweep. The
// maximum capacity of the slice is set to 2+nHtlcs to handle the case
// where the local, remote, and all HTLCs are not dust outputs. All
// HTLC outputs provided by the wallet are guaranteed to be non-dust,
// though the commitment outputs are conditionally added depending on
// the nil-ness of their sign descriptors.
breachedOutputs := make([]breachedOutput, 0, nHtlcs+2)
// First, record the breach information for the local channel point if
// it is not considered dust, which is signaled by a non-nil sign
// descriptor. Here we use CommitmentNoDelay since this output belongs
// to us and has no time-based constraints on spending.
if breachInfo.LocalOutputSignDesc != nil {
localOutput := makeBreachedOutput(
&breachInfo.LocalOutpoint,
lnwallet.CommitmentNoDelay,
breachInfo.LocalOutputSignDesc)
breachedOutputs = append(breachedOutputs, localOutput)
}
// Second, record the same information regarding the remote outpoint,
// again if it is not dust, which belongs to the party who tried to
// steal our money! Here we set witnessType of the breachedOutput to
// CommitmentRevoke, since we will be using a revoke key, withdrawing
// the funds from the commitment transaction immediately.
if breachInfo.RemoteOutputSignDesc != nil {
remoteOutput := makeBreachedOutput(
&breachInfo.RemoteOutpoint,
lnwallet.CommitmentRevoke,
breachInfo.RemoteOutputSignDesc)
breachedOutputs = append(breachedOutputs, remoteOutput)
}
// Lastly, for each of the breached HTLC outputs, record each as a
// breached output with the appropriate witness type based on its
// directionality. All HTLC outputs provided by the wallet are assumed
// to be non-dust.
for i, breachedHtlc := range breachInfo.HtlcRetributions {
// Using the breachedHtlc's incoming flag, determine the
// appropriate witness type that needs to be generated in order
// to sweep the HTLC output.
var htlcWitnessType lnwallet.WitnessType
if breachedHtlc.IsIncoming {
htlcWitnessType = lnwallet.HtlcAcceptedRevoke
} else {
htlcWitnessType = lnwallet.HtlcOfferedRevoke
}
htlcOutput := makeBreachedOutput(
&breachInfo.HtlcRetributions[i].OutPoint,
htlcWitnessType,
&breachInfo.HtlcRetributions[i].SignDesc)
breachedOutputs = append(breachedOutputs, htlcOutput)
}
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// TODO(conner): remove dependency on channel snapshot after decoupling
// channel closure from the breach arbiter.
return &retributionInfo{
commitHash: breachInfo.BreachTransaction.TxHash(),
chainHash: chanInfo.ChainHash,
chanPoint: *chanPoint,
remoteIdentity: &chanInfo.RemoteIdentity,
capacity: chanInfo.Capacity,
settledBalance: chanInfo.LocalBalance.ToSatoshis(),
breachedOutputs: breachedOutputs,
}
}
// createJusticeTx creates a transaction which exacts "justice" by sweeping ALL
// the funds within the channel which we are now entitled to due to a breach of
// the channel's contract by the counterparty. This function returns a *fully*
// signed transaction with the witness for each input fully in place.
func (b *breachArbiter) createJusticeTx(
r *retributionInfo) (*wire.MsgTx, error) {
// We will assemble the breached outputs into a slice of spendable
// outputs, while simultaneously computing the estimated weight of the
// transaction.
var (
spendableOutputs []SpendableOutput
weightEstimate lnwallet.TxWeightEstimator
)
// Allocate enough space to potentially hold each of the breached
// outputs in the retribution info.
spendableOutputs = make([]SpendableOutput, 0, len(r.breachedOutputs))
// The justice transaction we construct will be a segwit transaction
// that pays to a p2wkh output. Components such as the version,
// nLockTime, and output are already included in the TxWeightEstimator.
weightEstimate.AddP2WKHOutput()
// Next, we iterate over the breached outputs contained in the
// retribution info. For each, we switch over the witness type such
// that we contribute the appropriate weight for each input and witness,
// finally adding to our list of spendable outputs.
for i := range r.breachedOutputs {
// Grab locally scoped reference to breached output.
input := &r.breachedOutputs[i]
// First, select the appropriate estimated witness weight for
// the give witness type of this breached output. If the witness
// type is unrecognized, we will omit it from the transaction.
var witnessWeight int
switch input.WitnessType() {
case lnwallet.CommitmentNoDelay:
witnessWeight = lnwallet.ToLocalPenaltyWitnessSize
case lnwallet.CommitmentRevoke:
witnessWeight = lnwallet.P2WKHWitnessSize
case lnwallet.HtlcOfferedRevoke:
witnessWeight = lnwallet.OfferedHtlcPenaltyWitnessSize
case lnwallet.HtlcAcceptedRevoke:
witnessWeight = lnwallet.AcceptedHtlcPenaltyWitnessSize
default:
brarLog.Warnf("breached output in retribution info "+
"contains unexpected witness type: %v",
input.WitnessType())
continue
}
weightEstimate.AddWitnessInput(witnessWeight)
// Finally, append this input to our list of spendable outputs.
spendableOutputs = append(spendableOutputs, input)
}
txWeight := uint64(weightEstimate.Weight())
return b.sweepSpendableOutputsTxn(txWeight, spendableOutputs...)
}
// craftCommitmentSweepTx creates a transaction to sweep the non-delayed output
// within the commitment transaction that pays to us. We must manually sweep
// this output as it uses a tweaked public key in its pkScript, so the wallet
// won't immediately be aware of it.
//
// TODO(roasbeef): alternative options
// * leave the output in the chain, use as input to future funding tx
// * leave output in the chain, extend wallet to add knowledge of how to claim
func (b *breachArbiter) craftCommitSweepTx(
closeInfo *lnwallet.UnilateralCloseSummary) (*wire.MsgTx, error) {
selfOutput := makeBreachedOutput(
closeInfo.SelfOutPoint,
lnwallet.CommitmentNoDelay,
closeInfo.SelfOutputSignDesc,
)
// Compute the transaction weight of the commit sweep transaction, which
// includes a single input and output.
var weightEstimate lnwallet.TxWeightEstimator
weightEstimate.AddP2WKHOutput()
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// Add to_local p2wpkh witness and tx input.
weightEstimate.AddP2WKHInput()
txWeight := uint64(weightEstimate.Weight())
return b.sweepSpendableOutputsTxn(txWeight, &selfOutput)
}
// sweepSpendableOutputsTxn creates a signed transaction from a sequence of
// spendable outputs by sweeping the funds into a single p2wkh output.
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func (b *breachArbiter) sweepSpendableOutputsTxn(txWeight uint64,
inputs ...SpendableOutput) (*wire.MsgTx, error) {
// First, we obtain a new public key script from the wallet which we'll
// sweep the funds to.
// TODO(roasbeef): possibly create many outputs to minimize change in
// the future?
pkScript, err := b.cfg.GenSweepScript()
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
// Compute the total amount contained in the inputs.
var totalAmt btcutil.Amount
for _, input := range inputs {
totalAmt += input.Amount()
}
// We'll actually attempt to target inclusion within the next two
// blocks as we'd like to sweep these funds back into our wallet ASAP.
feePerWeight, err := b.cfg.Estimator.EstimateFeePerWeight(2)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
txFee := btcutil.Amount(txWeight * uint64(feePerWeight))
sweepAmt := int64(totalAmt - txFee)
// With the fee calculated, we can now create the transaction using the
// information gathered above and the provided retribution information.
txn := wire.NewMsgTx(2)
// We begin by adding the output to which our funds will be deposited.
txn.AddTxOut(&wire.TxOut{
PkScript: pkScript,
Value: sweepAmt,
})
// Next, we add all of the spendable outputs as inputs to the
// transaction.
for _, input := range inputs {
txn.AddTxIn(&wire.TxIn{
PreviousOutPoint: *input.OutPoint(),
})
}
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// Before signing the transaction, check to ensure that it meets some
// basic validity requirements.
btx := btcutil.NewTx(txn)
if err := blockchain.CheckTransactionSanity(btx); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
// Create a sighash cache to improve the performance of hashing and
// signing SigHashAll inputs.
hashCache := txscript.NewTxSigHashes(txn)
// Create a closure that encapsulates the process of initializing a
// particular output's witness generation function, computing the
// witness, and attaching it to the transaction. This function accepts
// an integer index representing the intended txin index, and the
// breached output from which it will spend.
addWitness := func(idx int, so SpendableOutput) error {
// First, we construct a valid witness for this outpoint and
// transaction using the SpendableOutput's witness generation
// function.
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witness, err := so.BuildWitness(b.cfg.Signer, txn, hashCache,
idx)
if err != nil {
return err
}
// Then, we add the witness to the transaction at the
// appropriate txin index.
txn.TxIn[idx].Witness = witness
return nil
}
// Finally, generate a witness for each output and attach it to the
// transaction.
for i, input := range inputs {
if err := addWitness(i, input); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
}
return txn, nil
}
// RetributionStore provides an interface for managing a persistent map from
// wire.OutPoint -> retributionInfo. Upon learning of a breach, a BreachArbiter
// should record the retributionInfo for the breached channel, which serves a
// checkpoint in the event that retribution needs to be resumed after failure.
// A RetributionStore provides an interface for managing the persisted set, as
// well as mapping user defined functions over the entire on-disk contents.
//
// Calls to RetributionStore may occur concurrently. A concrete instance of
// RetributionStore should use appropriate synchronization primitives, or
// be otherwise safe for concurrent access.
type RetributionStore interface {
// Add persists the retributionInfo to disk, using the information's
// chanPoint as the key. This method should overwrite any existing
// entries found under the same key, and an error should be raised if
// the addition fails.
Add(retInfo *retributionInfo) error
// Remove deletes the retributionInfo from disk, if any exists, under
// the given key. An error should be re raised if the removal fails.
Remove(key *wire.OutPoint) error
// ForAll iterates over the existing on-disk contents and applies a
// chosen, read-only callback to each. This method should ensure that it
// immediately propagate any errors generated by the callback.
ForAll(cb func(*retributionInfo) error) error
}
// retributionStore handles persistence of retribution states to disk and is
// backed by a boltdb bucket. The primary responsibility of the retribution
// store is to ensure that we can recover from a restart in the middle of a
// breached contract retribution.
type retributionStore struct {
db *channeldb.DB
}
// newRetributionStore creates a new instance of a retributionStore.
func newRetributionStore(db *channeldb.DB) *retributionStore {
return &retributionStore{
db: db,
}
}
// Add adds a retribution state to the retributionStore, which is then persisted
// to disk.
func (rs *retributionStore) Add(ret *retributionInfo) error {
return rs.db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
// If this is our first contract breach, the retributionBucket
// won't exist, in which case, we just create a new bucket.
retBucket, err := tx.CreateBucketIfNotExists(retributionBucket)
if err != nil {
return err
}
var outBuf bytes.Buffer
if err := writeOutpoint(&outBuf, &ret.chanPoint); err != nil {
return err
}
var retBuf bytes.Buffer
if err := ret.Encode(&retBuf); err != nil {
return err
}
return retBucket.Put(outBuf.Bytes(), retBuf.Bytes())
})
}
// Remove removes a retribution state from the retributionStore database.
func (rs *retributionStore) Remove(key *wire.OutPoint) error {
return rs.db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
retBucket := tx.Bucket(retributionBucket)
// We return an error if the bucket is not already created,
// since normal operation of the breach arbiter should never try
// to remove a finalized retribution state that is not already
// stored in the db.
if retBucket == nil {
return errors.New("unable to remove retribution " +
"because the db bucket doesn't exist.")
}
var outBuf bytes.Buffer
if err := writeOutpoint(&outBuf, key); err != nil {
return err
}
return retBucket.Delete(outBuf.Bytes())
})
}
// ForAll iterates through all stored retributions and executes the passed
// callback function on each retribution.
func (rs *retributionStore) ForAll(cb func(*retributionInfo) error) error {
return rs.db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
// If the bucket does not exist, then there are no pending
// retributions.
retBucket := tx.Bucket(retributionBucket)
if retBucket == nil {
return nil
}
// Otherwise, we fetch each serialized retribution info,
// deserialize it, and execute the passed in callback function
// on it.
return retBucket.ForEach(func(outBytes, retBytes []byte) error {
ret := &retributionInfo{}
if err := ret.Decode(
bytes.NewBuffer(retBytes),
); err != nil {
return err
}
return cb(ret)
})
})
}
// Encode serializes the retribution into the passed byte stream.
func (ret *retributionInfo) Encode(w io.Writer) error {
var scratch [8]byte
if _, err := w.Write(ret.commitHash[:]); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := writeOutpoint(w, &ret.chanPoint); err != nil {
return err
}
if _, err := w.Write(ret.chainHash[:]); err != nil {
return err
}
if _, err := w.Write(
ret.remoteIdentity.SerializeCompressed()); err != nil {
return err
}
binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(scratch[:8], uint64(ret.capacity))
if _, err := w.Write(scratch[:8]); err != nil {
return err
}
binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(scratch[:8], uint64(ret.settledBalance))
if _, err := w.Write(scratch[:8]); err != nil {
return err
}
nOutputs := len(ret.breachedOutputs)
if err := wire.WriteVarInt(w, 0, uint64(nOutputs)); err != nil {
return err
}
for _, output := range ret.breachedOutputs {
if err := output.Encode(w); err != nil {
return err
}
}
return nil
}
// Dencode deserializes a retribution from the passed byte stream.
func (ret *retributionInfo) Decode(r io.Reader) error {
var scratch [33]byte
if _, err := io.ReadFull(r, scratch[:32]); err != nil {
return err
}
hash, err := chainhash.NewHash(scratch[:32])
if err != nil {
return err
}
ret.commitHash = *hash
if err := readOutpoint(r, &ret.chanPoint); err != nil {
return err
}
if _, err := io.ReadFull(r, scratch[:32]); err != nil {
return err
}
chainHash, err := chainhash.NewHash(scratch[:32])
if err != nil {
return err
}
ret.chainHash = *chainHash
if _, err = io.ReadFull(r, scratch[:33]); err != nil {
return err
}
remoteIdentity, err := btcec.ParsePubKey(scratch[:33], btcec.S256())
if err != nil {
return err
}
ret.remoteIdentity = remoteIdentity
if _, err := io.ReadFull(r, scratch[:8]); err != nil {
return err
}
ret.capacity = btcutil.Amount(binary.BigEndian.Uint64(scratch[:8]))
if _, err := io.ReadFull(r, scratch[:8]); err != nil {
return err
}
ret.settledBalance = btcutil.Amount(
binary.BigEndian.Uint64(scratch[:8]))
nOutputsU64, err := wire.ReadVarInt(r, 0)
if err != nil {
return err
}
nOutputs := int(nOutputsU64)
ret.breachedOutputs = make([]breachedOutput, nOutputs)
for i := range ret.breachedOutputs {
if err := ret.breachedOutputs[i].Decode(r); err != nil {
return err
}
}
return nil
}
// Encode serializes a breachedOutput into the passed byte stream.
func (bo *breachedOutput) Encode(w io.Writer) error {
var scratch [8]byte
binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(scratch[:8], uint64(bo.amt))
if _, err := w.Write(scratch[:8]); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := writeOutpoint(w, &bo.outpoint); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := lnwallet.WriteSignDescriptor(w, &bo.signDesc); err != nil {
return err
}
binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(scratch[:2], uint16(bo.witnessType))
if _, err := w.Write(scratch[:2]); err != nil {
return err
}
return nil
}
// Decode deserializes a breachedOutput from the passed byte stream.
func (bo *breachedOutput) Decode(r io.Reader) error {
var scratch [8]byte
if _, err := io.ReadFull(r, scratch[:8]); err != nil {
return err
}
bo.amt = btcutil.Amount(binary.BigEndian.Uint64(scratch[:8]))
if err := readOutpoint(r, &bo.outpoint); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := lnwallet.ReadSignDescriptor(r, &bo.signDesc); err != nil {
return err
}
if _, err := io.ReadFull(r, scratch[:2]); err != nil {
return err
}
bo.witnessType = lnwallet.WitnessType(
binary.BigEndian.Uint16(scratch[:2]))
return nil
}